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Inside a Bitcoin Mining Operation in Hong Kong

Inside a Bitcoin Mining Operation in Hong Kong

Bitcoin, everyone’s favourite decentralised, peer-to-peer digital cryptocurrency, is making headlines around the world.



Entrepreneur and journalist Xiaogang Cao posted pictures of a new HK-based mining operation being set up in an Kwai Chung industrial building…



Bitcoins are generated by ‘miners’ who devote computing power to solving mathematical puzzles. Whilst users could once mine bitcoins at home, setting up a mining operation nowadays involves a lot more infrastructure…

As more bitcoins come into circulation, the puzzles involved become increasingly difficult. The rewards are halved at regular intervals until 21 million bitcoins have been created – at which point, production will cease.




Over the coming years, even when accounting for Moore’s law, mining will only require more resources to be worthwhile… Though some governments are hesitant about the world’s first cryptocurrency, entrepreneurs are hoping Hong Kong will jump on the bandwagon.



HK’s new bitcoin farm involves one meter high transparent glass tanks, copper piping, cooling machines and computer boards soaked in bubbling 3M cooling liquid. LED lights flash constantly, though the facility is cool, safe and quiet.



Construction began in August, 2013. A crane was used to install cooling systems onto the roof . The cooling technique is one of the world’s most advanced, maintaining temperatures of below 37 degrees.



In a race against time, bitcoin mining began in October. And with an eye on the future, there is extra capacity built into the site…



The company behind the operation is Asicminer, who own multiple mining facilities. Cao said the facility was ‘quieter than a library’



Earlier this month, it was reported that a HK-based Bitcoin trading platform disappeared, taking with it up to US$5million worth of investment. One study showed that 45 percent of Bitcoin exchanges end up closing



Hong Kong could become a hub for Bitcoin use and mining. Hong Wrong’s Tony Wong said that the city has an edge due to ‘sound property rights, cheap electricity, widely available technology and service technicians’.

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Xiaogang Cao invites readers to donate to his crowdfunded charitable project (Chinese).



One bitcoin was worth around US$858 at the time of writing.
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20131129

Government Chemist Tampered With 40,000 Cases, Locking Countless Innocent Americans in Prison


Government Chemist Tampered With 40,000 Cases, Locking Countless Innocent Americans in Prison

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In a maddening scandal that is rocking the state of Massachusetts, a government crime lab chemist has been caught intentionally forging signatures and tampering with evidence in as many as 40,000 cases, destroying the lives of countless innocent Americans.

Annie Dookhan worked as a chemist for the State of Massachusetts, and it turns out she had close relations with prosecutors.

These prosecutors were able to successfully convict innocent Americans because Dookhan would chemically taint the “evidence,” resulting in career boosts for the prosecutors while innocent men and women were torn from their families and locked in cells.

Prosecutors praised Dookhan’s work and depended on her to get the convictions they wanted.

Hundreds of “convicts” and defendents have already been released, and there are potentially thousands more waiting to be set free.

Norfolk County District Attorney Michael Morrissey is reviewing thousands of files to determine which cases must be thrown out or retried because of potentially tainted evidence. | Source: Tovia Smith/NPR
Norfolk County District Attorney Michael Morrissey is reviewing thousands of files to determine which cases must be thrown out or retried because of potentially tainted evidence. | Source: Tovia Smith/NPR

Dookhan used her position to forge results for nearly a decade.  ”I don’t think anyone ever perceived that one person was capable of causing this much chaos,” says Norfolk County District Attorney Michael Morrissey.

“You can see the entire walls full of boxes… in one of these cardboard boxes, there could be hundreds of cases … in each box,” says Morrissey.

Hundreds of defendants and “convicts” had been arguing that they were framed and claiming that the evidence used to convict them was mishandled. They were right.

In one recent case, a man was charged with “selling cocaine and heroin.”  His public defender, Julieann Hernon, believes that this man was a potential victim of Dookhan’s fake evidence and ought to be released.

“[Dookhan] was mis-testing evidence, dry-labbing evidence, saying she had ‘conducted tests’ when she had not, deliberately tainting drugs,” Hernon said.

“Certainly, I think, we have to presume a taint here when Annie Dookhan was the chemist in the case,” Hernon says.

In another recent case, defense attorney William Sullivan was able to successfully reverse his client’s prior “guilt” because Dookhan was the secondary chemist involved in the conviction.

Man in prison
Many other innocents have lost their careers, lost their children, and lost their marriages.

“This is a lab that was pretty much wholly and fully contaminated by Ms. Annie Dookhan,” Sullivan told the judge. “She had full access to everyone’s drugs.”

While many have been set free, they will never get the lost years of their lives back.

“The tragedy is that my client already did four years on this,” Sullivan says. “I mean, that is disturbing in itself.”

Many other innocents have lost their careers, lost their children, and lost their marriages.

Michael Morrissey, Norfolk County District Attorney, is now sifting through thousands of files to find out which should be thrown out because of Dookhan’s corruption and deceit.

In federal court, many innocents received even harsher sentences due to prior convictions based on Annie Dookhan’s fake “evidence.”

Several civil suits are getting started by those accused of crimes based on Dookhan’s tampering, accusing Dookhan of trampling on their rights to fair trials.

“I screwed up big time. I messed up. I messed up bad. It’s my fault. I don’t want the lab to get in trouble,” Dookhan was reported as saying.

Of course, Dookhan’s “screw up” — a “screw up” that she intentionally committed for nearly a decade — will never bring back the lives that have been destroyed.

In analyzing Dookhan’s career, it was found that she also routinely invented fanciful job titles for herself. Examples include “special agent of operations” and “on-call terrorism super­visor.” She would testify in court as an “expert.”

She maintained her composure year after year as innocents were bound and forced into prison cages.

The relationships she had with prosecutors are also under scrutiny.  Dookhan once told a prosecutor in an email that she couldn’t use her expert testimony at a trial. The prosecutor replied, “No no no!!! I need you!!!”

Was the prosecutor intentionally depending on Dookhan’s deception to score a conviction and a career boost?

Related: Number of US Prisoners Now Exceeds High School Teachers and Engineers

Many of the prosecutors became devoted fans of Dookhan and wanted to take her out for drinks, saying she was on their “dream team.”  The Boston Globe provided an email between Dookhan and a prosecutor with whom she had a particularly friendly relationship:

“Glad we are on the same team,” he once wrote Dookhan — including one day in May 2010 when he told her he needed a marijuana sample to weigh at least 50 pounds so that he could charge the owners with drug trafficking.

“Any help would be greatly appreciated!” he wrote, punctuating each sentence with a long string of exclamation points. “Thank you!”
Two hours later, Dookhan responded: “OK . . . definitely Trafficking, over 80 lbs.” ­Papachristos thanked her profusely.

Boston attorney David Meier found that in Dookhan’s nine-year government position, over 40,ooo people may have had their cases tainted by Dookhan.
But the devastation done to families is impossible to calculate.

Dookhan is now facing charges of her own.  If she is convicted she will receive a relatively light sentence of three to five years, which has outraged citizens even more.